Muckle Flugga Lighthouse

Muckle Flugga Lighthouse
Muckle Flugga Lighthouse
Location	Muckle Flugga, Shetland, Unst, United Kingdom
OS grid	HP6066619679
Coordinates	60°51′19″N 0°53′07″W / 60.855273°N 0.885262°W
Tower
Designed by	Thomas Stevenson, David Stevenson
Construction	masonry
Automated	March 1995
Height	20 m (66 ft)
Shape	cylinder
Markings	white (tower), black (lantern), ochre (trim)
Operator	Northern Lighthouse Board
Heritage	category A listed building
Light
First lit	1 January 1858
Focal height	66 m (217 ft)
Range	22 nmi (41 km; 25 mi)
Characteristic	Fl(2) W 20s

Muckle Flugga lighthouse punctuates the rocky stack of Muckle Flugga, in Shetland, Scotland. Originally called North Unst Lighthouse, it was renamed in 1964.^[1]^[2]

The brothers Thomas and David Stevenson designed and built the lighthouse in 1854, originally to protect ships during the Crimean War. First lit on 1 January 1858, it stands 64 feet (20 m) high, has 103 steps to the top, and is Britain's most northerly lighthouse. The light beam flashes white every 20 seconds, with a nominal range of 22 nautical miles (41km). In March 1995 it was fully automated.^[3] Thomas's son Robert Louis Stevenson, the writer, visited it as a young man. As a result, Unst became his inspiration for the map of "Treasure Island". The lighthouse was served by the Grace Darling which was launched from the boat house below the lighthouse shore station in Burrafirth. Supplies were winched up by the blondin cable hoist to the courtyard, from the boat in a natural cleft of the rocks that provides a degree of harbourage.

This lighthouse was also used as a setting for the wartime comedy Back-Room Boy.

History

In 1851 it was decided to build a lighthouse on north Unst but, because of difficulties in determining the exact location, nothing had been done by the start of 1854. During the Crimean War, the government urged the commissioners to set up a light on Muckle Flugga to protect Her Majesty's ships. A temporary lighthouse 50 feet (15 m) high was built 200 feet (61 m) above sea level and lit on 11 October 1854. It was thought to be high and safe enough to withstand the elements, but when winter storms began waves broke heavily on the tower and burst open the door to the living quarters. The principal keeper reported that 40 feet (12 m) of stone dyke had been broken down, and the keepers had no dry place to sit or sleep. Plans were made for a higher and more permanent lighthouse, but there were still disagreements about where to locate it, Muckle Flugga or Lamba Ness. The orders to start the work on the new Muckle Flugga tower were finally given in June 1855. The lighthouse's original name was "North Unst", but in 1964 that was changed to "Muckle Flugga".^[3]^[4]

Lighthouse keepers

Russell Powell 1977–1990^[5]
Thomas J. M. Hutchison 1949–1962^[5]

Muckle Flugga Shore Station

Muckle Flugga was one of the few lighthouses in Scotland which had a separate shore station that served as accommodation for the lighthouse keepers when they were off duty (similar to Sule Skerry and its shore station in Stromness, Orkney). The shore station was sold off when the lighthouse was automated. Part of the building now hosts the Hermaness Visitor Centre at the entrance to the neighbouring Hermaness National Nature Reserve, which is managed by NatureScot.

References

^ Rowlett, Russ. "Lighthouses of Scotland: Shetland". The Lighthouse Directory. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved 29 May 2016.
^ Muckle Flugga Northern Lighthouse Board. Retrieved 29 May 2016
^ ^a ^b Muckle Flugga History
^ Shetlopedia - The Shetland Encyclopedia
^ ^a ^b Muckle Flugga The Impossible Lighthouse. p. 9.

Bibliography

Hughson, Rhoda (2008). Muckle Flugga The Impossible Lighthouse. Unst Heritage Trust.
Lynn, P.A. (2017). Scottish Lighthouse Pioneers: Travels with the Stevensons in Orkney and Shetland. Whittles Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84995-265-1. Retrieved 22 January 2024.
McNeil, Robert (21 May 2023). "and its lighthouse that's like no other …". The Herald.

External links

[1] Rowlett, Russ. "Lighthouses of Scotland: Shetland". The Lighthouse Directory. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Retrieved 29 May 2016.

[2] Muckle Flugga Northern Lighthouse Board. Retrieved 29 May 2016

[NLB-3] Muckle Flugga History

[4] Shetlopedia - The Shetland Encyclopedia

[book-5] Muckle Flugga The Impossible Lighthouse. p. 9.

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v t e Lighthouses of the Northern Lighthouse Board
Scotland (except principal island groups)	Ailsa Craig Ardnamurchan Bass Rock Bell Rock Buchan Ness Cape Wrath Chanonry Corran Point Corsewall Covesea Skerries Crammag Head Davaar Duncansby Head Dunnet Head Fidra Fife Ness Girdle Ness Holy Island (Outer) Inchkeith Isle of May Kinnaird Head Mull of Galloway Mull of Kintyre North Rona Noss Head Pladda Rattray Head Rubh Re St Abbs Head Sanda Scurdie Ness Stoer Head Strathy Point Stroma Sule Skerry Tarbat Ness Turnberry Minor lights
The Hebrides	Barra Head Butt of Lewis Dubh Artach Eilean Glas Flannan Islands Haskeir Hyskeir Lismore Monach Neist Point Ornsay Rinns of Islay Rubha nan Gall Rona Lighthouse Ruvaal Scarinish Skerryvore Tiumpan Head Ushenish Minor lights
Orkney	Auskerry Brough of Birsay Cantick Head Copinsay Hoy Sound (High) Hoy Sound (Low) North Ronaldsay Noup Head Pentland Skerries Start Point Tor Ness Minor lights
Shetland	Bressay Eshaness Fair Isle North Fair Isle South Firths Voe Foula Hoo Stack Little Holm Muckle Flugga Out Skerries Point of Fethaland Sumburgh Head Ve Skerries Minor lights
Isle of Man	Chicken Rock Douglas Head Langness (minor light) Maughold Head Point of Ayre Thousla Rock (minor light)