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HMS Shah (1873)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For other ships of this name, see HMS Shah.

Shah at anchor
History
United Kingdom
NameHMS Shah
NamesakeShah of Persia
OwnerRoyal Navy
BuilderPortsmouth Dockyard
Laid down7 March 1870
Launched10 September 1873
CompletedDecember 1875
Commissioned14 August 1876
Out of serviceDecember 1904
Fate
  • Converted to Coal Storage Hulk C.470
  • Sold 19 September 1919
  • Wrecked in Bermuda 1926
General characteristics
TypeUnarmored steam frigate
Displacement6,250 long tons (6,350 t)
Tons burthen4,210 bm
Length334 ft (101.8 m) (p/p)
Beam52 ft (15.8 m)
Draught25 ft 7 in (7.8 m)
Installed power7,480 ihp (5,580 kW)
Propulsion
Sail planShip rig
Speed16 knots (30 km/h; 18 mph)
Range6,840 nmi (12,670 km; 7,870 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph)
Complement600
Armament

The first HMS Shah was a nineteenth-century unarmoured iron hulled, wooden sheathed frigate of Britain's Royal Navy designed by Sir Edward Reed. She was originally to be named HMS Blonde but was renamed following the visit of the Shah of Persia in 1873.

Building programme

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The following table gives the build details and purchase cost of the Shah and the other two iron frigates: Inconstant and Raleigh. Standard British practice at that time was for these costs to exclude armament and stores.

Ship Builder Engines Cost according to
Laid down Launched Completed Brassey's 1887[1] King[2]
Hull Machinery Total
excluding
armament
Inconstant Pembroke Dockyard a John Penn & Son 27 November 1866 12 November 1868 14 August 1869 * £138,585 £74,739 £213,324 $1,036,756
Raleigh Chatham Dockyard Humphrys, Tennant & Co. 8 February 1871 1 March 1873 13 January 1874 * £147,248 £46,138 £193,386 $939,586
Shah Portsmouth Dockyard Ravenhill 7 March 1870 10 September 1873 14 August 1876 £177,912 £57,333 £235,245 $1,119,861

*Date first commissioned.[3][4]

Her complement was 469 officers and men, 46 boys and 87 marines.

Armament

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As of 1888, Shah was armed with two 9-inch rifled muzzle-loading guns, sixteen 7-inch 6½ ton rifled muzzle-loading guns, eight 5-inch breech-loading guns, three quick-firing guns, twelve machine-guns, and four torpedo launchers.[5]

Service career

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She was only in service for three years. In 1876, she was deployed as flagship of the Royal Navy's Pacific Station under Admiral de Horsey, relieving HMS Repulse.

On 29 May 1877, in company with the corvette HMS Amethyst, she fought an action near Ilo, Peru, the Battle of Pacocha. This was against the Peruvian armoured single-turret ship Huáscar, which had been taken over by anti-government rebels, and had boarded some British merchant ships.

The engagement between HMS Shah and the Huascar off Ilo, 29 May 1877

The armoured Huáscar proved virtually impenetrable to the British guns, but the two unarmoured British ships had to keep clear of the Huáscar’s turret guns. Although Shah was the fastest battleship then afloat, the smaller Huáscar was more maneuverable in the shallow waters. In the course of the action, Shah fired the first torpedo to be used in anger, although it missed – being outrun by Huáscar.

During her time as flagship she also visited Pitcairn Island. On her voyage home in 1879, she called at St. Helena, where news was received of the British defeat at Isandhlwana. Shah was diverted to carry soldiers to Durban in South Africa. She then formed part of a Royal Naval contingent that assisted in the Anglo-Zulu War, before she completed her voyage to Britain.

On 24 October 1879 some of her crew were paid off at Portsmouth and Shah was placed in the fourth division of the Steam Reserve, then joined the North America and West Indies Station at the Royal Naval Dockyard on Ireland Island, Bermuda, to provide accommodation. HMS Malabar took over this task in 1897.[6][7]

In December 1904, Shah was converted to a coal storage hulk and renamed C.470. The hulk was sold on 19 September 1919. In 1926 the hulk was wrecked, at Bermuda.[8]

According to some sources (primarily Danish), the ship was eventually sold to Danish salvage company Petersen & Albeck in 1934, towed to Copenhagen, and dismantled there. Part of the teakwood interior was later used as floor planks at the Royal Castle in Gråsten in 1936.

Her masts survive. Being iron, they were deemed to be a lighter, more durable, replacement for the wooden masts of HMS Victory. They were probably fitted to Victory when she was dry docked in 1887, and survive to the present day in her preserved state.[9]

Her stern-plaque, a gift from the Shah of Persia, was restored in 1974 by HMS Malabar (Her Majesty's Naval Base Bermuda, the remnant of the Royal Naval Dockyard). It is on display at the St. George's Historical Society Museum, in the Mitchell House in St. George's Town, Bermuda).[7][10]

There is a monument to the ship's crew in Victoria Park, Portsmouth.

The monument to the ship's crew in Victoria Park, Portsmouth.

Footnotes

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  1. ^ The Naval Annual 1887, p286-295
  2. ^ King, Warships and Navies of the World, p203.
  3. ^ HMS Inconstant
  4. ^ HMS Raleigh
  5. ^ Brassey's Naval Annual, 1888. Page 284, "Unarmoured Ships"
  6. ^ "Naval". The Cornishman. No. 69. 6 November 1879. p. 3.
  7. ^ a b Stranack, Lieutenant-Commander Ian RN (ret), FIL, AMBIM. The Andrew and The Onions: The Story of the Royal Navy in Bermuda, 1795-1975. Bermuda: The Island Press Ltd., 1977; Second Edition, Bermuda Maritime Museum Press, 1990. ISBN 978-0921560036
  8. ^ Colledge, J. J.; Warlow, Ben (2006) [1969]. Ships of the Royal Navy: The Complete Record of all Fighting Ships of the Royal Navy (Rev. ed.). London: Chatham Publishing. ISBN 978-1-86176-281-8.
  9. ^ Patrick), McGowan, A. P. (Alan (2003). HMS Victory: her construction, career and restoration. McKay, John, 1948-. London: Caxton Editions. ISBN 1840675322. OCLC 52531819.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  10. ^ "St. George's Historical Society Museum". Bermuda.com Ltd

References

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