Crocodylinae
| Crocodylinae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Mugger crocodile (Crocodylus palustris) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Clade: | Archosauromorpha |
| Clade: | Archosauriformes |
| Order: | Crocodilia |
| Family: | Crocodylidae |
| Subfamily: | Crocodylinae Cuvier, 1807 |
| Type species | |
| Crocodylus niloticus Laurenti, 1768
| |
| Genera | |
Crocodylinae is a subfamily of true crocodiles within the family Crocodylidae, and is the sister taxon to Osteolaeminae (dwarf crocodiles and slender-snouted crocodiles).
Taxonomy
[edit]Crocodylinae was cladistically defined by Christopher Brochu in 1999 as Crocodylus niloticus (the Nile crocodile) and all crocodylians more closely related to it than to Osteolaemus tetraspis (the Dwarf crocodile).[1][2] This is a stem-based definition, and is the sister taxon to Osteolaeminae.
Crocodylinae contains the extant genus Crocodylus. It is disputed as to whether is also includes Mecistops (slender-snouted crocodiles),[2][3] or the extinct genus Voay.[4]
Phylogeny
[edit]Some morphological studies have recovered Mecistops as a basal member of Crocodylinae, more closely related to Crocodylus than to Osteolaemus and the other members of Osteolaeminae,[2][3] as shown in the cladogram below.[3]
| Crocodylidae |
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Paleoafrican Crocodylus Neotropical Crocodylus Indo-Pacific Crocodylus | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The below cladogram is based on a 2021 study using paleogenomics that extracted DNA from the extinct Voay, recovering it as a member of Crocodylinae.[4]
| Crocodylidae |
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| (crown group) |
Species list
[edit]
Crocodylinae contains 13-14 extant species and 6 extinct species.
- Subfamily Crocodylinae
- Genus Crocodylus
- Crocodylus acutus, American crocodile
- Crocodylus halli, Hall's New Guinea crocodile
- Crocodylus intermedius, Orinoco crocodile
- Crocodylus johnstoni, Freshwater crocodile, or Johnstone's crocodile
- Crocodylus mindorensis, Philippine crocodile
- Crocodylus moreletii, Morelet's crocodile or Mexican crocodile
- Crocodylus niloticus, Nile crocodile
- Crocodylus novaeguineae, New Guinea crocodile
- Crocodylus palustris, mugger, marsh or Indian crocodile
- Crocodylus porosus, Saltwater crocodile or Estuarine crocodile
- Crocodylus raninus, Borneo crocodile, is currently considered to be a synonym of Crocodylus porosus; whether or not it is a distinct species remains unclear.[5]
- Crocodylus rhombifer, Cuban crocodile
- Crocodylus siamensis, Siamese crocodile
- Crocodylus suchus, West African crocodile, desert or sacred crocodile
- Crocodylus anthropophagus†
- Crocodylus checchiai†
- Crocodylus falconensis†
- Crocodylus palaeindicus†
- Crocodylus thorbjarnarsoni†
- Genus Voay†
- Voay robustus† (formerly Crocodylus robustus)
- Genus Crocodylus
References
[edit]- ^ Brochu, C. A.; Storrs, G. W. (2012). "A giant crocodile from the Plio-Pleistocene of Kenya, the phylogenetic relationships of Neogene African crocodylines, and the antiquity of Crocodylus in Africa". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 32 (3): 587–602. Bibcode:2012JVPal..32..587B. doi:10.1080/02724634.2012.652324. S2CID 85103427.
- ^ a b c Rio, Jonathan P.; Mannion, Philip D. (6 September 2021). "Phylogenetic analysis of a new morphological dataset elucidates the evolutionary history of Crocodylia and resolves the long-standing gharial problem". PeerJ. 9: e12094. doi:10.7717/peerj.12094. PMC 8428266. PMID 34567843.
- ^ a b c Azarra, Beatrice; Boschian, Giovanni; Brochu, Christopher; Delfino, Massimo; Iurino, Dawid Adam; Kimambo, Jackson Stanley; Manzi, Giorgio; Masao, Fidelis T.; Menconero, Sofia; Njau, Jackson K; Cherin, Marco (2021). "A new cranium of Crocodylus anthropophagus from Olduvai Gorge, northern Tanzania". Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia (Research in Paleontology and Stratigraphy). 127 (2): 275–295. doi:10.13130/2039-4942/15771.
- ^ a b Hekkala, E.; Gatesy, J.; Narechania, A.; Meredith, R.; Russello, M.; Aardema, M. L.; Jensen, E.; Montanari, S.; Brochu, C.; Norell, M.; Amato, G. (2021-04-27). "Paleogenomics illuminates the evolutionary history of the extinct Holocene "horned" crocodile of Madagascar, Voay robustus". Communications Biology. 4 (1): 505. doi:10.1038/s42003-021-02017-0. ISSN 2399-3642. PMC 8079395. PMID 33907305.
- ^ "Species | the Reptile Database".
Extinct crocodilians | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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