1855 in literature
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This article contains information about the literary events and publications of 1855.
Events
[edit]- January – Samuel Orchart Beeton's weekly The Boys' Own Magazine, "an illustrated journal of fact, fiction, history and adventure", begins publication in London.[1]
- January 5 – Anthony Trollope's novel The Warden, the first of his Chronicles of Barsetshire, is published in London by Longman as he begins to write the second, Barchester Towers.
- February 25 – The comedy De Scholtschäin, by Edmond de la Fontaine writing as Dicks, becomes the first play to be performed in the language of Luxembourg.[2]
- June 29 – The Daily Telegraph newspaper begins publication in London.
- July 4 – Walt Whitman's first edition of his book of poems titled Leaves of Grass is published in Brooklyn, New York.
- September 27 – Alfred Tennyson reads from his new book Maud and other poems at a social gathering in the home of Robert and Elizabeth Browning in London. Dante Gabriel Rossetti makes a sketch of him doing so.[3]
- October – Victor Hugo moves to Hauteville House, Saint Peter Port, Guernsey, in the Channel Islands, accompanied by his mistress, Juliette Drouet.
- December
- Charles Dickens publishes the first instalment of Little Dorrit, which continues to appear into 1857.
- Thomas Babington Macaulay's best-selling History of England in four volumes is completed.[4]
- unknown dates
- Alexander Afanasyev begins publication of his collection of Narodnye russkie skazki [National Russian Tales].[5]
- John Camden Hotten opens a bookselling business in London, which is the origin of the publisher Chatto & Windus.[6]
- Faris al-Shidyaq publishes the metafiction Sâq 'ala al-sâq (Leg over Leg), the first modern Arabic novel, in Paris.
- The first Luxembourg novel in French, Marc Bruno, profil d'artiste, is published shortly after the death of its author, Félix Thyes (born 1830).
- Belarusian writer Vintsent Dunin-Martsinkyevich publishes «Гапон» (Hapon) in the Russian Empire, the first poem written wholly in modern Belarusian.
New books
[edit]Fiction
[edit]- Gheorghe Asachi – Ziua din urmă a municipiului Iașenilor (The Last Day of Iași Municipality)
- Cuthbert Bede (pseudonym) – The Adventures of Mr. Verdant Green (other volumes, 1856 and 1857)
- Gustav Freytag – Debit and Credit (Soll und Haben)
- Elizabeth Gaskell – North and South
- James Grant – The Yellow Frigate (also entitled The Three Sisters)
- Mary Virginia Hawes – The Hidden Path
- Caroline Lee Hentz – Robert Graham
- Paul Heyse – "L'Arrabbiata" (The Fury, short story)
- Washington Irving – Wolfert's Roost
- Gottfried Keller – Green Henry (Der grüne Heinrich)
- Charles Kingsley – Westward Ho!
- Herman Melville
- Gérard de Nerval – Aurelia
- Giovanni Ruffini – Doctor Antonio
- Ann Sophia Stephens – The Old Homestead
- William Makepeace Thackeray – The Newcomes
- Félix Thyes – Marc Bruno, profil d'artiste
- Anthony Trollope – The Warden (first in the Chronicles of Barchester series of six books)8
Children
[edit]Drama
[edit]- Émile Augier – Le Mariage d'Olympe
- Dicks
- De Scholtschäin
- D'Mumm Sèiss
- Léon Gozlan – Le Gâteau des reines
- Henrik Ibsen – The Feast at Solhaug
- Andreas Munch – En Aften paa Giske[7]
- Watts Phillips – Joseph Chavigny
- Ivan Turgenev – A Month in the Country (published as Two Women)
Poetry
[edit]Non-fiction
[edit]- David Brewster – Memoirs of the Life, Writings and Discoveries of Sir Isaac Newton
- John Brown – Slave Life in Georgia
- Pedro Carolino – O novo guia da conversação em portuguez e inglez (translated as English as She is Spoke)
- Frederick Douglass – "My Bondage and My Freedom"
- Washington Irving – The Life of George Washington, Volumes 1 and 2
- George Sand – Histoire de ma vie (The Story of My Life)
- William Smith – Latin–English Dictionary based upon the works of Forcellini and Freund
- Leo Tolstoy – Sevastopol Sketches (Севастопольские рассказы, Sevastopolskiye rasskazy)
- Alfred Russel Wallace – "On the Law Which has Regulated the Introduction of Species" (in Annals and Magazine of Natural History, September)
Births
[edit]- February 21 – Elizabeth Robins Pennell, American biographer and critic based in London (died 1936)
- April 4 – Manonmaniam Sundaram Pillai, Indian dramatist (died 1897)
- April 27 – Margaret Wolfe Hungerford, Irish novelist (died 1897)[8]
- May 1 – Marie Corelli (Mary Mackay), English novelist (died 1924)
- May 21 – Emile Verhaeren, Belgian Symbolist poet writing in French (died 1916)
- May 24 – Sir Arthur Wing Pinero, English dramatist (died 1934)
- July 7 – Ludwig Ganghofer, German novelist (died 1920)
- July 19 – Alexander Ertel, Russian novelist and short story writer (died 1908)
- August 7 – Stanley J. Weyman, English novelist (died 1928)
- September 12 – William Sharp, Scottish poet and biographer (died 1905)
- September 22 – Alice Zimmern, English writer, translator and suffragist (died 1939)
- October 26 – Jessie Wilson Manning, American author and lecturer (died 1947)
- October 30 – Pyotr Gnedich, Russian writer and poet (died 1925)
- November 4 – William Ritchie Sorley, Scottish philosopher (died 1935)
- December 15 – Maurice Bouchor, French poet and sculptor (died 1929)
- December 28 – Juan Zorrilla de San Martín, Uruguayan poet (died 1931)[9]
- unknown date
- Solomon Cleaver, Canadian story teller, novelist and pastor (died 1939)
- Florence Huntley, American journalist, editor, humorist and occult author (died 1912)
Deaths
[edit]- January 3 – János Majláth, Hungarian poet and historian (born 1786)
- January 10 – Mary Russell Mitford, English dramatist and novelist (born 1787)
- January 25 – Dorothy Wordsworth, English poet and diarist (born 1771)
- January 26 – Gérard de Nerval (Gérard Labrunie), French poet and essayist (suicide, born 1808)[10]
- February 4 – Gottfried Christian Friedrich Lücke, German theologian (born 1791)
- March 31 – Charlotte Brontë, English novelist and poet (born 1816)[11]
- June 29 – Delphine de Girardin, French poet and novelist (born 1804)
- July 12 – Karl Spindler, German novelist, (born 1796)
- September 4 – Emma Tatham, English poet (born 1829)
- September 27 – John Adamson, English antiquary and scholar of Portuguese (born 1787)
- November 11 – Søren Kierkegaard, Danish philosopher (born 1813)
- November 19 – Mihály Vörösmarty, Hungarian poet and dramatist (born 1800)
- November 26 – Adam Mickiewicz, Poland's national poet (cholera, born 1798)
- December 3 – Robert Montgomery, English poet (born 1807)
- unknown date – Sunthorn Phu, Thai poet (born 1786)
References
[edit]- ^ John Storey (20 May 2016). The Making of English Popular Culture. Routledge. p. 79. ISBN 978-1-317-51967-6.
- ^ Deutsche Sprache in Europa und Übersee (in German). F. Steiner. 1979. p. 97. ISBN 978-3-515-02993-3.
- ^ "Tennyson Reading 'Maud'". Pre-Raphaelite Online Resource. Birmingham Museums & Art Gallery. Retrieved 2013-05-09.
- ^ Thomas, William (2004). "Macaulay, Thomas Babington, Baron Macaulay (1800–1859)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/17349. Retrieved 2014-06-05.(subscription or UK public library membership required)
- ^ Marina Balina; Helena Goscilo; Mark Lipovetsky (25 October 2005). Politicizing Magic: An Anthology of Russian and Soviet Fairy Tales. Northwestern University Press. p. 10. ISBN 978-0-8101-2031-0.
- ^ Eliot, Simon (2004). "Hotten, John Camden (1832–1873)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/13859. Retrieved 2013-11-06.
- ^ Hauge, Ingard (1975). "Poetisk realisme og nasjonalromantikk". In Beyer, Edvard (ed.). Norges Litteraturhistorie (in Norwegian). Vol. 2. Oslo: Cappelen. pp. 318–325.
- ^ "Authors : Hungerford, Margaret W : SFE : Science Fiction Encyclopedia". www.sf-encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 19 January 2021.
- ^ Pan American Union (1932). Bulletin of the Pan American Union. The Union. p. 96.
- ^ Sieburth, Richard (1999). Gerard de Nerval: Selected Writings. London: Penguin. p. xxxi.
- ^ "Charlotte Brontë | British author". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 8 April 2019.